Function localization is the idea that certain functions (e.g., language, memory, etc.) have certain locations or areas in the brain. This idea has been supported by recent neuroimaging studies, but has also been explored much earlier, usually with the help of case studies. The holistic view of the brain indicates that functions occur throughout the brain. The localization suggests that certain functions occur in certain parts of the brain, not in the entire brain. Fig. 1: The localization of function in the brain highlights the different functional regions of the brain. How does the localization of function in the brain contrast with the holistic view of the brain? The prefrontal cortex, motor and somatosensory cortex, visual cortex, auditory cortex, and Broca`s and Wernicke`s areas are all areas of the brain that exhibit functional localization features. By identifying the functional areas associated with the above brain structures, we can find clues about the location of function. Localization of brain function simply means that different areas of the brain (i.e. locations) are associated with different behaviors and mental processes (functions). Confological refers to the side of the body for which a function is responsible.
The right hemisphere is therefore responsible for the left side of the body and vice versa. The location of function in the brain is important because it helps researchers identify areas of the brain that might be responsible for certain functions. It massively helps research on the complexity of the organ. Localization of function in the brain refers to the idea that certain areas of the brain are responsible for a particular function. While I agree with you that the somatosensory cortex senses and responds to external stimuli, I would have benefited more from your blog post if you had described the different parts of the somatosensory cortex and explained their functions in a little more detail. The primary somatosensory cortex is divided into four regions and is responsible for processing somatic sensations. Each region of the primary somatosensory cortex receives and processes information from different areas of the body. The secondary somatosensory cortex, on the other hand, is designed to detect tactile stimuli on the skin. The primary and secondary somatosensory cortex is active when a person suffers. I`ve read about information that damage to the somatosensory cortex can lead to movement disorders, but more of what I`ve read is how damage to the primary cortex can prevent an individual from feeling what they`re touching, preventing them from doing proper hand formations.
Which I think means that if a person couldn`t tell they were touching a handful of a cup of coffee, their mind wouldn`t be able to allow them to clench their fist around the handle, so they wouldn`t be able to grab the cup. Thanks for the good article and I enjoyed reading about the different parts of the brain. It is indeed our largest and most complex organ, the processes it performs every day are really fascinating. Works cited Primary and secondary responses of the somatosensory cortex to anticipation and pain: a study of magnetoencephalography. (n.d.). Excerpted from PubMed.gov: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21323764 Purves, D., Augustine, G., Fitzpatrick, D., Hall, W., Lamantia, A., McNamara, J., & White, L. (2016, March 10). Know your brain: Primary somatosensory cortex. Excerpted from Neuroscientifically Challenged: www.neuroscientificallychallenged.com/blog/know-your-brain-primary-somatosensory-cortex Swenson. (n.d.). Journal of clinical and functional neuroscience.
Retrieved from www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/chapter_11.html Washington, U.O. (nd). Secondary somatosensory cortex. Excerpt from braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1909 The frontal lobe is responsible for a number of functions, including voluntary movement and higher-level executive functions as seen in the prefrontal cortex. When EB (a 14-year-old boy) had a tumour removed by a left hemispherectomy as an infant (removal of Broca`s and Wernicke`s areas, speech centres of the brain), despite this significant trauma to the brain, the child developed normally, with only a few language problems (dyslexia). The right hemisphere has adapted to compensate for the lack of brain function. Function localization (LOF) is the theory that certain areas of the brain correspond to certain functions and reflects the idea that behaviors, emotions, and thoughts appear in the brain in certain places. However, it must be said that this theory is controversial to some extent, since it can be argued that cognitive abilities, for example learning, are characteristics of the whole brain and are not limited to a single area of the brain, so this conceptual limitation should be taken into account when concluding on LOF. What are the characteristics of the Broca area? What are the functions of the Wernicke website? When an injury has occurred, healthy parts of the brain are functionally reorganized to regain the ability to perform the lost function. Lost functions are “recovered” by unassociated areas of the brain to regain their function. In hemispheric lateralization, each hemisphere of the brain is specialized to perform certain functions.
Functional localization is the concept that certain regions of the brain are responsible for certain functions. The corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres and allows them to communicate with each other. Each hemisphere specializes in performing specific functions, called hemispheric lateralization. Through communication, they can share, integrate and process information excellently. The thematic course provides you with a number of possible examples of feature localization that you can discuss. This means that if you don`t quite understand it the first time or the first year, you can use some research you learned in the second year. For example, if you study criminology, you will learn more about the function of the amygdala in anxiety (as shown by the SM study). But if that doesn`t quite float your boat, you can use HM`s case study to show the hippocampus` role in memory transmission when studying memory and PTSD. There are a number of other possible studies in the thematic approach that you can apply to demonstrate an understanding of this concept. Cortical localization theory of function states that different brain cortical territories perform different functions such as vision and speech. This theory was maintained in the mid-1700s, but it had no influence until Gall placed it at the center of his thought in the early 1800s. Gall`s organology, which emphasized cranial irregularities, quickly fell into disrepute, but in the decades that followed, Bouillaud, Aubertin and Broca further developed the concept by turning to clinical cases of speech loss, and in 1870 Fritsch and Hitzig demonstrated its validity by studying motor functions in animals.
The theory of cortical localization of function has served as a guiding factor in changing the practice of neurology, and clinicians have discovered new documents supporting the doctrine. Surgical neurology, anatomy and physiology have also supported the new way of thinking and contributed to a better understanding of the functional organization of the cerebral cortex and clinical neurology. Hemispheric lateralization is the idea that functions are divided and performed by the different hemispheres of the brain; The hemispheres specialize in certain functions and are not quite the same.