The Legal Dictionary also contains the People`s Law Dictionary by renowned authorities Gerald and Kathleen Hill. It includes definitions, context and use of over 3,000 terms. Considered by academics, lawyers, leading lawyers, and critics to be one of the most practical works of its kind, the People`s Law Dictionary is a comprehensive source of meanings and uses for thousands of today`s most common legal terms. It has received much praise for its scope and clarity. The study of the law and the structure of the legal system In criminal law, the constitutional guarantee that an accused receives a fair and impartial trial. In civil law, the legal rights of a person who is confronted with an adverse act that threatens liberty or property. Search more than 10,000 legal words and phrases for clear plain language definitions. An easy-to-follow guide to the legal language of Merriam-Webster`s dictionary experts. A legal procedure to deal with the debt problems of individuals and companies; in particular, a case filed under one of the chapters of title 11 of the United States Code. The right as set out in previous court decisions.
Synonymous with precedent. Similar to the common law, which stems from tradition and judicial decisions. The legal power of a court to hear and decide a particular type of case. It is also used as a synonym for jurisdiction, i.e. the geographical area over which the court has territorial jurisdiction to rule on cases. Instructions from a judge to the jury before it begins deliberations on the substantive questions to be answered and the legislation to be applied. All shares of ownership of the debtor at the time of bankruptcy. The estate technically becomes the temporary legal owner of all of the debtor`s assets. With respect to civil actions in “equity” and not in “law”.
In English legal history, courts of “law” could order the payment of damages and could offer no other remedy (see damages). A separate “fairness” tribunal could order someone to do something or stop something (e.g., injunction). In U.S. jurisprudence, federal courts have both legal and just power, but the distinction is always important. For example, a jury trial is generally available in “legal cases,” but not in “fairness” cases. A written statement filed in court or an appeal that explains a party`s legal and factual arguments. The Law Dictionary is your free online legal dictionary with Black`s Law Dictionary, the trusted source of legal definitions and terms for over 100 years. The 2nd edition contains over 15,000 legal terms for your commercial and research use. A full-time lawyer hired by federal courts to legally defend defendants who cannot afford a lawyer. The judiciary administers the Federal Defence Counsel Programme in accordance with criminal law. Non-insolvency proceedings in which an applicant or creditor attempts to submit its claim to a debtor`s future wages. In other words, the creditor requests that part of the debtor`s future salary be paid to him for a debt owed to him.
To define a legal term, enter a word or phrase below. Governmental body empowered to settle disputes. Judges sometimes use the term “court” to refer to themselves in the third person, as in “the court read the pleadings.” An action brought by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a claim that the defendant failed to comply with a legal obligation that caused harm to the plaintiff. The legal system that originated in England and is now used in the United States is based on the articulation of legal principles in a historical succession of judicial decisions. Common law principles can be changed by statute. A court decision in a previous case with facts and points of law similar to a dispute currently pending in court. Judges generally “follow precedents,” that is, they use principles established in previous cases to decide new cases that have similar facts and raise similar legal issues. A judge will disregard precedents if a party can prove that the previous case was ill-decided or that it differs significantly from the current case. The primary source for TheFreeDictionary`s legal dictionary is West`s Encyclopedia of American Law, Issue 2, which contains over 4,000 entries describing terms, concepts, events, movements, cases, and individuals relevant to U.S. law. Written statements submitted to the court outlining a party`s legal or factual allegations about the case.
A written statement describing why a debtor owes money to a creditor, usually indicating the amount of money owed. (There is an official form for this.) A set of rules and principles established by the United States Sentencing Commission that trial judges use to determine the sentence of a convicted accused. An agreement between two or more people that creates an obligation to do or not do a particular thing. A federal agency responsible for collecting judicial statistics, administering the budget of federal courts, and performing many other administrative and programmatic functions under the direction and supervision of the United States Judicial Conference. Assets that a debtor is allowed to keep, free from claims by creditors who do not have liens on the property. A company that is not licensed to practice law, that prepares bankruptcy applications. A civil injustice, not a criminal one. A negligent or intentional breach of person or property, other than breach of contract. A federal judge who, after reaching the required age and duration of judicial experience, acquires a higher status, thereby creating a vacancy among the active judges of a court. A senior judge retains the judicial office and can reduce his or her workload by up to 75%, but many choose to retain a larger number of cases. A document that commences insolvency proceedings and contains basic information about the debtor, including the name, address, chapter under which the case is filed and estimated assets and liabilities.
The service of orders or summonses to appear on the party concerned. Legal advice; A term that is also used to refer to lawyers in a case. 1. The process of questioning a witness` testimony. For example, if the lawyer can prove that the witness fabricated parts of his or her testimony, the witness is called an “accused.” 2. The constitutional process by which the House of Representatives can “impeach” (charge) senior federal government officials, who are then convicted by the Senate. The release of a person accused of a crime before trial under certain conditions to ensure that the person appears in court if necessary. May also refer to the amount of bail recorded as a financial condition for pre-trial release. A Chapter 7 case where no assets are available to satisfy certain unsecured claims of creditors. A serious crime that is usually punishable by at least one year in prison. Goods of all kinds, including real and personal, tangible and intangible. A written statement instituting civil proceedings in which the plaintiff describes in detail the claims against the defendant.
The release of an inmate – granted by the U.S. Parole Board – after the inmate has served part of his sentence in a federal prison. If the probation officer is released into the community, he or she will be placed under the supervision of an American probation officer. a director, officer or person who exercises control over the debtor; a partnership in which the debtor is a general partner; a general partner of the debtor; or a relative of a general partner, director, officer or person who exercises control over the debtor. A pre-trial motion requiring the court to prohibit the other party from presenting or even referring to evidence deemed so prejudicial that no action taken by the judge can prevent the jury from being unduly influenced. A formal accusation by a prosecutor that the accused has committed a crime. See also Indictment. An offence punishable by one year in prison or less. See also criminal offences. Certain assets belonging to an individual debtor that the debtor may retain with unsecured creditors under the applicable bankruptcy law or state law.